Headline provides a definite conclusion when even the study author states that there is an association not causality that Mediterranean diet can improve cardiovascular health. Reverse causality is in play as well.

Medical Mythbusting Commentary for May 19, 2023

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Source:
Adopting a Mediterranean diet has the same benefit as 4,000 extra steps per day

Reference:
Association of healthy dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness in the community